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IP subnetting-what is the first useable host address?

  • IP subnetting-what is the first useable host address? I am studying for ccna. Desperate for help. 192.168.1.0/24 What is the starting IP address here if we leave the first subnet alone for future needs. Activity advises do not use the first subnet, subnet zero. It will be unused to allow for future address expansion. 192.168.1.0/24 address space to subnet The network consists of the following segments: The network connected to router R1 will require enough IP addresses to support 20 hosts. The network connected to router R2 will require enough IP addresses to support 20 hosts. The link between router R1 and router R2 will require IP addresses at each end of the link. Assign the first usable to the network attached to R1. What is this 1st useable if the .0 subnet is to be saved for later use. Can you help, with the first subnet, subnet zero not to be used I am stumped on what is the first useable address... Thanks Bill

  • Answer:

    Ok, for the first subnet you will use 192.168.1.32 as the network address. The subnet mask will be /27 or 255.255.255.224 . This leaves 192.168.1.33-.62 as the first usable subnet (if you take out subnet zero which is 192.168.1.0-192.168.1.15). This gives you 30 usable IPs when you remove the network address 192.168.1.32 and the broadcast address 192.168.1.63 which will cover your requirement of 20 hosts. So here is the lay out... R1 will have 20 hosts, your network will be 192.168.1.32/27 (255.255.255.224)- First Usable .33, last usable .62 (.32 is network and .63 is broadcast) R2 will have 20 hosts, your network will be 192.168.1.64/27(255.255.255.224) - First Usable .65, last usable .94 (.64 is network address and .95 is broadcast) R1 to R2 Serial link will be 192.168.1.96/30 (255.255.255.252) - R1 IP will be 192.168.1.97/30 and R2 Ip will be 192.168.1.98/30

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You can carve the 192.168.1.0/24 address space into smaller subnets to support the stated requirements: two subnets capable of supporting 20 hosts, and one subnet capable of supporting two routers. One way to do this is to create two /27 subnets for the hosts and a /30 for the routers. There are many ways these subnets could be arranged within the address space to meet the stated requirements. Hopefully your CCNA activity is smart enough to recognize all possibilities. One possibility is: 192.168.1.0/25 -- unused 192.168.1.128/27 -- Host network attached to R1 192.168.1.160/27 -- Host network attached to R2 192.168.1.192/27 -- unused 192.168.1.224/28 -- unused 192.168.1.240/29 -- unused 192.168.1.248/30 -- unused 192.168.1.252/30 -- Transit network between R1 and R2 In this scenario, the first usable host address on the network attached to R1 is 192.168.1.129. This is not the only combination that will work.

claymation

The first address of a subnet is the network - and the last is the broadcast, so those 2 you lose as far as IP addresses go. So if you start a subnet with 192.168.1.144 - then .145 is the first address you can use. This applies to all subnets, regardless of which class it is.

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