Tourist Visa in Germany?

you need to tell us your nationality. If you are an American you don't need a tourist visa for 90 days, if you pass those 90 days then you do need to get a permit and for that you'll need a visa to get it (working or study visa) and you need to get that before actually moving in, I really don't think you can apply for the visa once you are in Germany since giving out visas is the job of embassies and consulates. Contact the nearest German consulates or the German embassy of your country.

Yes you will need to contact the German Embassy in Washington, D.C. and see what their current policy is on working in their country, I assume you have an American Passport that will not expire for at least one year. If you were just going for a short trip you would not need a visa for Europe Zone say 30 days or less, but working in their country is another issue. You will have to further get working permit when you arrive. The Embassy in Washington, D.C. will help you not the American Embassy but make sure you contact the German Embassy, your local post office can give you details on contacting them. You better get started right away as it may take some time to process the necessary paperwork, some countries require physical, police report, aids check etc.