How did different races around the world all evolve at the same rate so that mankind is the same world over?
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It is well known that Chinese, Indians, Africans and Europeans all have the same intellectual capacity and potential for civilisation, so if we follow Charles Darwin's logic different regions of the world would let mankind evolve at different rates. But this is not so. So Darwin was wrong about evolution by natural selection
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Answer:
Actually, you're just assuming that evolution happens much more quickly than it actually does. One theory is that humans - that is to say, homo sapiens sapiens, which we all are - evolved in one place, from which some groups travelled to other parts of the globe and established their own populations - what have come to be known as the populations of China, India, Africa and Europe. On the time frame at which evolution works, this wasn't long enough ago for there to be significant differences in the development of humans in each of these populations. Add to this that humans are capable of breaching most of the natural barriers that keep other species apart from each other (mountains, rivers, seas, etc), and there's been so much inter-breeding throughout history that there aren't really any 'sub-populations' in an evolutionary sense.
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Other answers
i dont know where you got your info from, and its not well know, by the way, but the civilisations you mentioned, were and are not on the same evolutionary level as each other. the chinese, for instance, were incredible seafaring people, built enormous temples and built the wall of china. the europeans, orientals, did have the capability of intensive trading, medicine and surgery, building and seafaring. most cultures, which were native to the 'new' worlds, didnt have intensive building capabilites, didnt invent the wheel, had relatively basic medicine practices, their sailing capabilites were mostly related to river travel, and trading. when europe invaded these 'new' worlds, they introduced wheels, agriculture methods, metallurgy, etc. most native tribes were quite happy to trade with the neigbouring tribe, carry their goods on their backs or drag it in a sleigh. some didnt even have any agriculture. so your idea of all cultures evolving the same, is very flawed. and indeed, the cultures that were less advanced/agressive/innovative, were destroyed. not too long ago, about in the 1800's, explorers still documented tribes of 'hairy' yeti-like peoples living in europe, america's and the orient. these peoples might have been a sub species of the modern man, and maybe they had some gene or habit, that made them more vulnerable to modern man, and caused their extintion. the only levelling factor in the history of the world, is europe invading, and introducing modern technologies to the native tribes. in africa, for instance, before europe invaded, there were no roads, very minimal structural advances, no transport involving a wheel based structure, only the cow/dog/chicken were domesticated. agriculture was basic. hosues were one-room structures, beds were skins, clothes were skins. darwin is right. even if you dont like it.
african_woman
You assume that they evovled separately. Although the spread of genes may have slowed at times or even stopped flowing to certain isolated populations for a few thousand years, the fact remains that genes spread throughout the world. What happens is a particular environment? Let's use SubSaharan Africa as an example. It favors certain physical features. It favors dark skin and relatively long skinny features to help with sun and heat. This doesn't mean that genes can't find their way from Asia into these populations. If a particularly gene developed in a population in Asia (we will call it "smart" gene, this "smart" gene might find a way into the population of Africans over time yet the Africans would still retain their dark skin. I do not mean to suggest intelligence could only flow from Asia to Africa. It was just an example borrowed from your question. The genes flow every way in a populations over time and more slowly depending on the contact between neighboring populations. Darwin was correct. Evolution of a population inhabiting several habitats and niches is complicated however.
jim z
By "race" most people would use skin color to separate humans. However that's a social classification, not biological. We humans staredt out in Africa, and we were all black. The out of Africa migration was done during the first half of the Pleistrocence period. It was a time of ice ages, when sea levels dropped significantly and there was increased rainfall in many regions. At the same time Homo erectus was making stone tools and was able to use fire. The question of his being able to create fire has not yet been answered. Given the favorable climate and the increased skills to control his environment, Homo erectus spread out of Africa. As for skin color: "In their analysis of human evolutionary history, Jablonski and Chaplin concluded that modern humans most likely evolved in the tropics, where they were exposed to high UV levels. But as they moved into regions away from the equator, where UV levels are lower, humans became fairer so as to allow enough UV radiation to penetrate their skin and produce vitamin D, the "sunshine vitamin," also obtained from eating fish and marine mammals. Vitamin D is essential for maintaining healthy blood levels of calcium and phosphorous, and thus promoting bone growth. Skin color, according to Jablonski and Chaplin, basically becomes a balancing act between the evolutionary demands of photo-protection and the need to create vitamin D in the skin. One of the important implications of Jablonski and Chaplin's work is that it underlines the concept of race as purely a social construct, with no scientific grounds. DNA research has shown that genetically all humans, regardless of skin color and other surface distinctions, are basically the same. In an April 2001 article titled, "The Genetic Archaeology of Race," published in the Atlantic Monthly, Steve Olson writes "the genetic variants affecting skin color and facial features are essentially meaningless —they probably involve a few hundred of the billions of nucleotides in a person's DNA. Yet societies have built elaborate systems of privilege and control on these insignificant genetic differences." http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/ngm/02... "Before the mass global migrations of people during the last 500 years, dark skin color was mostly concentrated in the southern hemisphere near the equator and light color progressively increased further away, as illustrated in the map below. In fact, the majority of dark pigmented people lived within 20° of the equator. Most of the lighter pigmented people lived in the northern hemisphere north of 20° latitude." http://anthro.palomar.edu/adapt/adapt_4....
icabod
Uh, you've got it wrong. Humans evolved -- including our brains -- then spread all over the world. Except for a few trivial differences (mostly in skin pigmentation), we haven't continued to evolve. You need to understand evolution before you can just declare it wrong. http://evolution.berkeley.edu/ http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/exhibits/index.php http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn9953-instant-expert-evolution.html http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn13620-evolution-24-myths-and-misconceptions.html
tehabwa
Will people never ever learn that there is only the one human race. ONLY ONE !
Hamish
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