Who do you think is smarter? Who do you think contributed more? Einstein or Newton?
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I would say Newton, really. I mean, he started with practically NOTHING, and he really laid out a lot of the foundation that modern physics is based upon. He invented calculus [WOW!] and churned out so many new ideas and theories. He really was smart. Einstein had Newton's stuff to work with. His ideas so drastically change our ideas of space, time and matter, they're so hard to believe. But they're absolutely brilliant! His ability to envision motion he will never experience in his lifetime [near the speed of light] and basing his ideas of that 'unreal' world is such an amazing feat, I think. He's contributed a lot to science. But then again, with no Newton, there would not be Science as we know it today. But without Einstein, we wouldn't have quantum mechanics and relativity. But why study quantum mechanics when it's too small to be experienced? And even now, Newton's equations are preferred over Einsteins for simple calculations. So what do you think?
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Answer:
You are asking several questions in one. Firs of all, what do you mean by smarter? If you mean IQ levels, then the following are estimations (nobody actually measured them, it is an estimate) Newton's IQ: 190 Einstein's IQ: 160 So you would have to say "Newton had a higher IQ than Einsten" But, can you really call him "smarter"? No. The flaw in your argument is to assume that Newton and Einsten are competing. They are not. Newton had ALL the mathematics of the Greeks, Pascal, Gauss, Lebesgue, Halley, Hooke, Kepler, etc. He had a monumental background to work with, and he built on top of that his beautiful mechanics: The Principia Mathematica. It is debatable whether or not he invented calculus, Leibniz was there, too. Einstein, like Newton, took on the monumental background HE HAD and built on top of it his beautiful relativistic mechanics: The special and general relativity. As you can see, science is not a race amongst the scientists, it is a race where scientists build on top of their predecessors in order to leave a better place for their successors. Newton was great, Einstein was great. No "smarter" here. If you would have exchanged the people, this means, if Einstein had lived in Newton's time and Newton in Einstein's, would Einstein have discovered what Newton did, and would Newton discover what Einstein did? I don't think so (for both of them)... thank God they lived when they were supposed to. Good luck!
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Other answers
Look, Einstein's theory e=mc2 is not yet fully solved today. Maybe when it would be solved it could mean a lot of things to us. But until now Newtons Laws are practically useful. We can say that Einstein and Newton both contributed to modern physics but in different ways. Einstein contributed to universe but Newton mostly contributed to practical physics like gravity,motion,acceleration and so on and so forth. But speaking I am personally a fan of Newton.
Just Curious
I'm still trying to grasp what they contributed lol, so I couldn't say for sure. I am more interested in Einstein's work right now, he has basically paved the way towards the unification of everything...or at least that's what I think. I admire his work a great deal and they are valuable in my own little work and my thirst for understanding how the Universe works. Of course Newton's work is also helping me understand where my boundaries are. They were both very intelligent and crucial to the understanding of how things work.
Celeritas
einstein could not tie shoes! newton? with his rotten apples!! ha! both!! were stupid fools!
waltonluke63
Einstein because Einstein knew how gravity worked and newton didn't, newton only knew the the experiment that Galileo never accomplished and Einstein knew newton and Galileo and some quantum physics in which newton didn't
diego j
Einstein's early work on the theory of relativity (1905) dealt only with systems or observers in uniform (unaccelerated) motion with respect to one another and is referred to as the special theory of relativity; among other results, it demonstrated that two observers moving at great speed with respect to each other will disagree about measurements of length and time intervals made in each other's systems, that the speed of light is the limiting speed of all bodies having mass, and that mass and energy are equivalent. In 1911 he asserted the equivalence of gravitation and inertia, and in 1916 he completed his mathematical formulation of a general theory of relativity that included gravitation as a determiner of the curvature of a space-time continuum. He then began work on his unified field theory, which attempts to explain gravitation, electromagnetism, and subatomic phenomena in one set of laws; the successful development of such a unified theory, however, eluded Einstein. Newton’s first major contribution to our world was his original work in mathematical fluxions. He worked in mathematics his entire career; his work in fluxions was the basis for later development. He had this to say: “I invented the method of series and fluxions in the year 1665, improved them in the year 1666, and I still have in my custody several mathematical papers written in the year 1664, 1665, 1666, some of which happen to be dated” (as cited in North, 1967, p. 11). The method of fluxions was used in mathematical problems dealing with quantities that changed (or “flowed” as Newton often said) continuously. Newton developed his methods in connection with some problems in geometry – such as the problem of determining tangents to curved lines and the problem of finding the area bounded by a curve. Gravity, Newton’s other great contribution, is one of the four fundamental forces in the universe, though the fundamental principles of it eluded scientists until Sir Isaac Newton was able to mathematically describe it in 1687 (Eddington, 1987). Gravity plays a serious part in everyday actions as it keeps everything on the ground; without gravity everything would be immobile unless a force was applied. The apple is one of the two curiosities (the other being the moon) that led Newton to discover the The Law of Universal Gravitation in 1666 (Keesing, 1998; Sullivat, 1998). As Newton later wrote, it was the sight of an apple falling to the ground (he was resting at Woolsthorpe because of the plague in Cambridge) that caused him to wonder if this same force was what held the moon in place (Fara, 1999; Gamow, 1962). There is a parlor game physics students play: Who was the greater genius? Galileo or Kepler? (Galileo) Maxwell or Bohr? (Maxwell, but it's closer than you might think). Hawking or Heisenberg? (A no-brainer, whatever the best-seller lists might say. It's Heisenberg). But there are two figures who are simply off the charts. Isaac Newton is one. The other is Albert Einstein. If pressed, physicists give Newton pride of place, but it is a photo finish -- and no one else is in the race. Newton's claim is obvious. He created modern physics. His system described the behavior of the entire cosmos -- and while others before him had invented grand schemes, Newton's was different. His theories were mathematical, making specific predictions to be confirmed by experiments in the real world. Little wonder that those after Newton called him lucky -- "for there is only one universe to discover, and he discovered it. " But what of Einstein? Well, Einstein felt compelled to apologize to Newton. "Newton, forgive me;" Einstein wrote in his Autobiographical Notes. "You found the only way which, in your age, was just about possible for a man of highest thought and creative power." Forgive him? For what? For replacing Newton's system with his own -- and, like Newton, for putting his mark on virtually every branch of physics. That's the difference. Young physicists who play the "who's smarter" game are really asking, "how will I measure up?" Is there a shot to match -- if not Maxwell, then perhaps Lorentz? But Einstein? Don't go there. Match this: * In 1905, Einstein is 26, a patent examiner, working on physics on his own. After hours, he creates the Special Theory of Relativity, in which he demonstrates that measurements of time and distance vary systematically as anything moves relative to anything else. Which means that Newton was wrong. Space and time are not absolute -- and the relativistic universe we inhabit is not the one Newton "discovered." That's pretty good -- but one idea, however spectacular, does not make a demi-god. But now add the rest of what Einstein did in 1905: * In March, Einstein creates the quantum theory of light, the idea that light exists as tiny packets, or particles, that we now call photons. Alongside Max Planck's work on quanta of heat, and Niels Bohr's later work on quanta of matter, Einstein's work anchors the most shocking idea in twentieth century physics: we live in a quantum universe, one built out of tiny, discrete chunks of energy and matter. * Next, in April and May, Einstein publishes two papers. In one he invents a new method of counting and determining the size of the atoms or molecules in a given space and in the other he explains the phenomenon of Brownian motion. The net result is a proof that atoms actually exist -- still an issue at that time -- and the end to a millennia-old debate on the fundamental nature of the chemical elements. * And then, in June, Einstein completes special relativity -- which adds a twist to the story: Einstein's March paper treated light as particles, but special relativity sees light as a continuous field of waves. Alice's Red Queen can accept many impossible things before breakfast, but it takes a supremely confident mind to do so. Einstein, age 26, sees light as wave and particle, picking the attribute he needs to confront each problem in turn. Now that's tough. * And of course, Einstein isn't finished. Later in 1905 comes an extension of special relativity in which Einstein proves that energy and matter are linked in the most famous relationship in physics: E=mc2. (The energy content of a body is equal to the mass of the body times the speed of light squared). At first, even Einstein does not grasp the full implications of his formula, but even then he suggests that the heat produced by radium could mark the conversion of tiny amounts of the mass of the radium salts into energy. In sum -- an amazing outburst: Einstein's 1905 still evokes awe. Historians call it the annus mirabilis, the miracle year. Einstein ranges from the smallest scale to the largest (for special relativity is embodied in all motion throughout the universe), through fundamental problems about the nature of energy, matter, motion, time and space--all the while putting in forty hours a week at the patent office. And that alone would have been enough to secure Einstein's reputation. But it is what comes next that is almost more remarkable. After 1905, Einstein achieves what no one since has equaled: a twenty year run at the cutting edge of physics. For all the miracles of his miracle year, his best work is still to come: * In 1907, he confronts the problem of gravitation -- the same problem that Newton confronted, and solved -- almost. Einstein begins his work with one crucial insight: gravity and acceleration are equivalent, two facets of the same phenomenon. Where this "principle of equivalence" will lead remains obscure, but to Einstein, it offers the first hint of a theory that could supplant Newton's.
Nikki
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