If DNA is a ladder, what are the uprights (sides) made of?

DNA Backbone "The DNA backbone is a polymer with an alternating sugar-phosphate sequence. The deoxyribose sugars are joined at both the 3'-hydroxyl and 5'-hydroxyl groups to phosphate groups in ester links, also known as "phosphodiester" bonds. "

The structure of DNA is a double helix, much like a ladder that is twisted into a spiral shape. The nucleotide bases (A, T, C, G) that make up your genetic code are found in pairs in the middle of the helix. These base pairs make up the “rungs” or steps of the ladder. The two uprights of the ladder are the structural backbone of the DNA. They don't carry information; they just hold the bases in their proper order. The two uprights of the double helix are made of two long chains of alternating sugar and phosphate molecules bonded together (sugar-phos-sugar-phos-sugar-phos… etc.). The base pairs that make up the "rungs" of the ladder are attached to the sugars in the sugar-phosphate chains that form the "uprights" of the ladder.

DNA is made up of a warm gooey inside and a crisp flakey outside. Enjoy.

sugars and phosphates

ribose sugars and phosphate

DNA molecule is made up of sugar and phosphate backbone with the bases attached to the sugar molecule. The two strands of DNA will have bases which will be connected with the hydrogen bonds. Therefore the rungs are made up of hydrogen bonds and the uprights are made up of sugar and phosphate chains.

the strings of DNA are made of strings of proteins that are linked together end to end...if one protein is not right that is what causes down syndrome or medical conditions that are "hereditary".

they are made of molecules of carbon, sugar and i believe it was nitrogen

protiens that carry genetic info. someshit like that.