How to calculate the probability problem?

How do I calculate the probability of this question?

  • If the problem tells me that I have 18 pairs of boots, 8 pairs of heels, and of those 8 pairs of heels, 4 pairs are also boots, how do I calculate the probability of getting a boot and a heel?

  • Answer:

    to say that 4 of the pairs of heels are also boots, is also to say that 4 of the pairs of boots are also heels. so total number of pairs of shoes = 18 + 8 - 4 = 22 and so P(boot and heel) = 4/22 ≈ 18.2% {assuming that "getting a boot and a heel" means selecting a pair of such shoes) ♣♦

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