Discuss the possible negative effects of ionising and non-ionising radiation?

Hi Zainab, All can cause biological break down. Alpha particles and Beta particles are particle ionizers. Exposure can cause radiation sickness. Vomiting diahorea skin burn hair loss skin lesions. Both can ionize chemicals causing chemical and bio damage through Ionization. These are not part of the Electromagnetic spectrum. Alpha particles especially can cause cancer on human/ animals if inhaled/ ingested. But can be stopped by a simple paper mask. X rays can cause unwanted development of photo film. Can cause cancer if over exposed. Ultraviolet can cause burning of the skin eg sunlight UVA/ UVB sun lamps. Whilst this is not strictly speaking Ionizing, the damage is done nevertheless. XRAYS and Ultraviolet at the Extreme XRAY end of the spectrum can cause Ionizing effects on Biochemical samples. The photons at Longer wavelengths between visible and Radiowaves don’t have enough ionization energy once you get past the Extreme UV. Even Visible light can cause blindness due to excess intensity eg looking at the Sun, snow blindness. Infra red can cause burning of the skin and overheating. Microwaves can cause phone or Satellite communications interference and bio damage and overheating.

Non ionizing radiation is fairly safe -- at least compared with ionizing radiation. But there are some hazards. I presume that you are probably talking about ultra-violet light. You do need to be careful because it can cause skin and eye damage. It can also cause skin cancer. If you are talking about radiation below red, you need to be careful on being overexposed to some radio and microwaves in that high intensity can be damaging to eyes and reproduction. Here the key is high intensity because it does damage by cooking tissue. (How do you think microwaves work?).