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Difference between Neuroscience and Neurobiology?

What is the difference between Neuroscience, Neurobiology, Neuroengineering and Neuropsychology?

  • I reckon there is a trivial difference between these terms. I will be pursuing MS in Biomedical Engineering (Neuroengineering track), what are the courses that I will study and may distinguish my track with other terms ?

  • Answer:

    Neuroscience is the general term to describe the science of the brain, although in most people's usage it is associated with physiology & molecular biology techniques and less so with psychological approaches. This is by no means an absolute and cognitive psychologists can and do call themselves neuroscientists. Neurobiology refers specifically to the phyisological & molecular neursociences and is somewhat interchangeable with neuroscience but wouldn't apply in all cases. Neuroengineering could either refer to neuroscience related engineering (everything EEG systems and signal processing to developing better optics in microscopes etc.) or engineering the brain: everything from learning & memory, genetic manipulations and surgery to sci-fi level bionic implants etc. Neuropsychology is a specific field of psychology; primarily dealing with the assesment of psychological deficits (memory, language & cognition) and their rehabilitation.

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Neuroscience is the scientific study of the nervous system. Neurobiology is the study of cells of the nervous system and the organization of these cells into functional circuits that process information and mediate behavior. It is a subdiscipline of both biology and neuroscience. Neural engineering (also known as neuroengineering) is a discipline within biomedical engineering that uses engineering techniques to understand, repair, replace, enhance, or otherwise exploit the properties of neural systems. Neuropsychology is a branch of psychology that is concerned with how the brain and the rest of the nervous system influence a person's cognition and behaviors. More importantly, professionals in this branch of psychology often focus on how injuries or illnesses of the brain affect cognitive functions and behaviors.

Avery Schmidt

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