Is all India divided into sectors?

Is the Government of India deliberately pushing farmers from agriculture to other sectors?

  • A little input: MGNREGA aims at silencing the unemployed by providing them guaranteed employment thereby wooing them away from agriculture. 1000 ITI's were set up in 2009 to provide training to the rural people to engage them in other sectors and aid migration. We have skill development programmes for other sectors but not agriculture. Many economists are of the view that "Agriculture is not the future."

  • Answer:

    Thanks for the A2A. Has the government of India been deliberately pushing farmers from agriculture to other sectors? Yes. There are many statements made to this effect by many people, but one statement from someone who was PM for 10 years I guess would be good enough to highlight the seriousness given to this thought by the Government of India: http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2012-12-27/news/36022110_1_agriculture-11th-plan-previous-plan-period As the link tells you, Manmohan Singh believed that only by shifting farmers from agriculture to non-agriculture jobs can the situation be improved both for those who remain in agriculture (by increasing per-capita incomes through productivity improvements) and for those who actually do shift to other gainful means of employment (mainly in the manufacturing sector). Why would he or anybody else be thinking so? Well, a general look at the history of Industrial Revolution around the globe tells us that the process of industrialization and development in the modern era required a shift of people from agrarian activities to the manufacturing and only then to the service sectors. In India, however, we have had a shift of labor from the agrarian sector to the unorganized service-based sectors (like say repairing shops, people selling food on small carts etc.),with the share of manufacturing in India's GDP and India's total workforce remaining nearly the same as it was when the British left us. And since this is not going to help those who have shifted (as it doesn't lead to a significant shift in incomes), nor has the shift taken place in the amounts as required from agriculture (as the other answer which mentions Raghuram Rajan tells us), we see repeated comments to this effect being made by those in positions of power as a vision they see for Indians.

Rakesh Iyer at Quora Visit the source

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Yes. This is a quote from Raghuram Rajan (RBI governor)  . As countries grow, agriculture declines. What is special about India is that the exit of people from agriculture has not kept pace. Increasingly, people in agriculture are impoverished relative to those having jobs in industry or service. Unlike other countries, where people have migrated from agriculture to other sectors, India has not seen same level of migration.. (http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/economy/creating-manufacturing-jobs-is-key-says-raghuram-rajan/article4209719.ece) It is not efficient to have very large population depending on agriculture. In India disproportionately large number of people are working in agricultural sector. Most countries (read developed countries) produce the same amount or more agricultural products produced by India with much less number of people.. Reason mechanization, better irrigation, genetic engineering, technology in general. That has to happen in India, too. So people leaving agriculture do not mean lesser food production. But they need to be employed elsewhere. Being an industrial worker gives a better chance of getting out of poverty for a person. Economically it is too hard to get out of poverty by agriculture. As a standard text book says "Good harvest means prices go down and farmers get paid less, bad harvest may mean not enough to eat/sell". Agricultural workers are in even worse condition.   Such a change from agriculture has to be multi fronted - the wages of agricultural workers has to be increased by providing them jobs elsewhere by schemes like MNREGA (MNREGA did that in many states),  thus forcing mechanization and making it more economically viable. Simultaneously they (agricultural workers who may lose work) need to be given proper safety nets (like food security laws) and industrial training so that they don't starve / has to revolt. Large scale (mechanization needs that), 'scientific' farming by groups of farmers and need to be promoted and subsidized. Large scale farming makes it easier to be lend loan against. Irrigation schemes alone can change face of Indian farming (Gujarat style canal + solar panel idea can help to solve problem of electricity and water for irrigation). There is also dearth of industrial processing jobs. We need more food processing to happen in India near the farmers. Also corporations need to be allowed in farming sector in a partnership basis, so as to bring in investments.

Rakesh Warier

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