Tenant rights and safety.

Boston Marathon Terrorist Attacks (April 2013): Does the "Public Safety" exemption to the Miranda warning waive a suspect's rights?

  • The Boston Marathon bombing suspect is not being read his rights under the public safety exemption. Does this mean he simply isn't being informed of his rights, or that the rights themselves are being suspended? For example, my understanding is that if a suspect says he wants a lawyer and police continue to question him, any resulting statements can't be used against him in court. Does that, and similar protections against self-incrimination, still apply under the Public Safety exemption?

  • Answer:

    The public safety exception waives the duty of the police to stop questioning a suspect once they have invoked their 5th Amendment right to silence or to counsel; the suspect still has the right to remain silent or to counsel, but the police do not have to cease interrogation immediately, and any information that is provided by the suspect in a matter that the court determines falls under the public safety exception would be admissible in court. It bears noting that the exception has not applied in the past to general questioning about a specific crime, but to facts concerning the potential for imminent public danger - are there more devices, are there other people involved who still pose a threat, was this part of a larger plan, etc.  Those would be appropriate questions, but questions about the actual bombing on Monday or the specifics thereof could still be thrown out even if the public safety exception applies.This answer is not a substitute for professional legal advice....

Cliff Gilley at Quora Visit the source

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The public safety exception to the Miranda grew out of the decision in http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_v._Quarles. Quarles was a rape suspect who was apprehended in a grocery store after a foot pursuit. When arrested, he had an empty shoulder holster, and the police believed he had ditched the gun during the foot pursuit. They asked him where the gun was before giving him a Miranda warning. The gun was evidence in the crime, and at trial Quarles sought to have it suppressed on the grounds that his admission was given without the required warnings, and was thus inadmissible. The state argued that the police needed to locate the gun immediately, lest a child or some other innocent find it first. The SCOTUS allowed the statement that led to the gun, creating the public safety exception. FBI agents who are questioning terrorism suspects are apparently (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miranda_warning#Public_safety_exception) being told to interpret Quarles broadly. I am neither a lawyer nor a legal scholar, but unless there are some special anti-terrorism statutes that permit this, I think that is legally dangerous. The public safety exception in Quarles was clearly intended to be used in an exigent (emergency) circumstance. The more time that passes between arrest and questioning, the harder it is to justify the existence of an emergency. If a terrorism suspect has planted a bomb someplace, it's likely to go off within 24 hours, ir it's going to go off at all. I personally don't believe that the Quarles exception applies when the suspect won't be questioned for a substantial time after arrest, and possibly as long as a week. The FBI is full of trained attorneys who are far more knowledgeable than I am on these topics, and I imagine they know what they're doing. Their reasoning in this case is something I don't understand.

Tim Dees

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