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How does a TV tuner work?

How does a tv tuner work?

  • Does it get regular channels or do you hook it up to your cable box?

  • Answer:

    This is a difficult question to answer. First of all, there are many devices that have tuners - televisions especially, VCRs, DVD Recorders, cable boxes and satellite receivers most definitely, and even computers. The type of tuner you have determines what type of channels you will receive. An NTSC analog tuner will pick up analog channels from an antenna or direct cable connection. This is the type of tuner that is installed in older tube televisions. An ATSC tuner is the new type of tuner in televisions. They receive digital channels from an antenna or direct cable line as well. Digital cable is not the same thing. Those channels are scrambled and can only be de-scrambled with the use of a cable box with a QAM tuner. A QAM tuner is what allows you to pick up hundreds of channels through a cable box or satellite receiver. TVs can have QAM tuners in them, but require the use of a CableCard in order to access the channels. The CableCard is usually installed by the cable company and is basically like installing a cable box in your TV, except there are no interactive features like On Demand and you would have to call to order Pay-Per-View like you did back in the day instead of just getting it from your remote. Hope this info is adequate. If not, please provide additional details and I will try to anser further.

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A TV tuner inputs an outside signal, often RF, and outputs an A/V signal. What it does inside varies, depending if it is analog or digital, or if encryption is involved. Analog tuners basically downconvert RF to an IF, detect a baseband video signal off that, pull a sound IF off that, and filter out a line video signal. Sound IF is detected to baseband audio and filtered out, or sent to a BTSC decoder, which supplies stereo audio, if present. Digital tuners are a bit complicated, but suffice to say, they wick out a stream of 1s and 0s out of the digital carrier that is tuned. Out of those 1s and 0s, the packet streams needed to play the selected channel and run the receiver are picked out. System packets go to system memory, those have channel maps (which tell the tuner how to tune a particular channel) and EPG data. Program streams go to the video decoder, and of it is a pay TV box, through a decryption engine, fed by packets which control what channels you are entitled to receive, and have decryption keys for the tuned channel. A TV tuner can get only the channels it is designed and programmed to get, and as the case may be, authorized to receive.

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