What college courses should I take to become a bioengineer?
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My university does not offer a bioengineering major, but offers a microbiology, chemistry/biochemistry focus, and many engineering majors. I am greatly interested in bioengineering and biotechnology and I want to enter these fields, so I'm basically taking as many courses as I can that other college require for bioengineers. I'm currently working towards a microbiology degree with a math minor, while also trying to take as many biochemistry classes and engineering physics classes I can take. I plan on going to graduate school for bioengineering or some biotechnology related degree, but I'm not sure if I'm on the right path. Is it worth it to get a minor in math (multivarible calculus, differential equations), as in, am I going to use this in grad school or in the industry? Or, should I just drop the math minor and get a biochemistry degree? Is it worth it to take the engineering physics, as it's not applied to biological systems but mainly for mechanical engineers, and the like? Should I try and take some basic computer programming courses? How about more anatomy classes, like body mechanics? On a side note, would it be a bad idea to say take an extra semester or year in college to fit in more classes, for another minor or degree beyond the regular four years? Do employers thing badly of students taking more than four years? Thanks for any help.
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Answer:
A common misconception is that you need to have a Biomedical Engineering degree to work in the Biomedical Engineering field. If you are trying to pursue a career developing Medical Devices, the follow suggestions are things I wish I had known when I was pursuing my degrees: Learn Solid Works or any other industry 3D CAD software. A lot of medical device companies need someone that can draft, create and make changes to a device's SolidWorks specifications. Suppliers and Manufacturers utilize these specifications to produce the physical devices. Your school's Mechanical Engineering department should offer Introductory Solidworks/CAD courses. I'm sure you can also find classes offered at local community colleges or online ( checkhttp://www.udemy.com ) as well. Once you have some basic skills, throw your work up on a blog (blogger/wordpress) so you can show potential employers. It doesn't have to be groundbreaking, just a way to show you are versed in the software and continually developing and improving your skills. Learn Quality Management. Most Biomedical Engineers (with a Bachelors or Masters) are generally hired as Quality or Manufacturing Engineers. There are subtle differences between the roles, but, in general, Manufacturing and Quality engineers ensure that a medical device works as designed and that a device's design meets specifications (also known as Verification and Validation). Quality Management courses are generally taught under Industrial/Systems Engineering curriculum. They will train you in process design/improvement and develop your ability to identify issues and mitigate risks - skills that will allow you to add value immediately to any professional engineering team. Take a couple Product Development courses within your Business School or Entrepreneurship school. If you don't have these options available, there are a lot of excellent resources online to learn. This will help you understand the entire pipeline of taking a product from conception to market. It is very important to understand how an Engineering department interacts with the other departments within a company. Employers will like your cross functional knowledge and you will be able to avoid the stereotype that Engineers are only focused on their core competencies. Cliche time. Network with the right people. I spent a lot of time talking to professor's that were doing research at USC - this did not help in finding employment after college as those teachers mainly taught and ... did research. However, there are professors still work in Industry or have worked in Industry for many years and have connections at various companies. I have found that Grad School professors usually have the strongest / most current Industry ties. Seek those professors out. Read their biographies on your school website and see where they have worked. They will be your best bet for leads and referrals. The job market is still very rough right now, and HR people are much more likely to respond if you have been referred. Sending your resume out online is not an effective strategy. Your Math curriculum will help a great deal. Pay special attention to your Probability and Analysis courses. Many skills you need, you can learn on the job. What is most difficult is taking the results of your work and slicing some sort of actionable data (aka Key Performance Indicators) from it. If you are able to show that you can identify key metrics and make logical conclusions from large data sets, it will be very valuable in your job search. I know that is a little vague and I essentially said "Learn Big Data," but, when I draw parallels between my younger brother's Applied Math coursework from UCLA (yuck) and my own engineering background, those two subjects are the most useful. Employers do not care if you take longer than 4 years to get a degree, as long as you can explain that the extra time was taken to hone your skill set. As I said before, many skills you will learn on the job. Employers just want to see that you have a strong grasp of the basics and the capability to learn fast. Once again, this is for anyone trying to pursue a career in Medical Devices. I hope it helps! Good Luck! (note: I apologize for any grammatical errors / super long sentences)
Bharat Reddy at Quora Visit the source
Other answers
First: Bioengineering means many things to many people. People who design biocompatible electronic devices, people who genetically engineer cells, people who optimize conditions for monoclonal antibody production- all of these could be considered biological engineers. That said, it's difficult to recommend what you should focus on without knowing where you're planning on going with this- but fundamentally your undergrad years should be based around what classes are of genuine interest to you. Especially since you'll be getting a graduate degree, majors/minors are irrelevant, so definitely don't let requirements get in your way. Pick and choose. Depending on your interests, though, I would certainly recommend focusing on microbiology *and* making sure that you get a good foundation in mathematics/computer science. If your university hasn't taken strong strides in developing a sort-of "physics for biology" class, you'll probably want to avoid most physics classes, at least if you want the material to be immediately relevant to biological questions. I feel like an anatomy class would be less useful than just reading a few articles on the organ/tissue you're interested in. One thing I *will* say is that it's a much better idea to just get out of your undergrad in four years and move on to your graduate studies, if you're sure that's what you want to do. Introductory graduate classes are generally both more broad and deep than undergraduate classes, for one, and anything you could learn in an undergrad class you could certainly learn online / with the textbooks derived from similar classes. As far as employers go, I rather doubt they care about four years vs. four and a half or even five. But if you're interested in going straight into graduate school, you should think about becoming a research assistant rather than staying on as a super-senior. Graduate schools care most about research experience. Everything else is secondary.
Grant Robinson
Despite my Quora description, I'm essentially a biological engineer (as opposed to a biochemical engineer). To position myself as a "bio-engineer" during college I did the following. ABET Chemical Engineering Cell Biology Biochem I & II Biotechnology Mathematical Modeling of Biological Systems Also lots of biotech internships. In hindsight, a microbio course and a molecular biophysics course would have been helpful but the above courseload is already ~25 courses. I had the option of majoring in biomedical engineering or biology-biotech but went with the chemical engineering route instead. As a more descriptive piece of advice, most of the applied math (ODEs/PDEs/Linear Algebra) comes as a byproduct of (or should be a byproduct of) the engineering sciences degree. While it is reasonable to take biology classes at a later time in your life, it is much easier to have breadth during college and forget about minors (in my humble opinion). As has suggested, bioengineer means a lot of things to a lot of people including myself. I went with the path of protein engineering aka biomacromolecular engineering / biophysics / synthetic biology. I have little to no exposure to biomedical engineering, biomechanics, biological imaging, and biomimetics, all legitimate subtopics of "bioengineering"
Christopher VanLang
Here's what biomedial engineering majors at Duke have to take, depending on the area of interest (Biomechanics, Imaging, Bioelectric Eng., Cell & Tissue Eng.): http://www.bme.duke.edu/sites/bme.duke.edu/files/handbook-F12.pdf You can similarly check out curricula at other schools with strong BME programs (JHU, MIT, GATech, etc). Find similarities among them - these would be the core subjects for biomedical engineers of 2012 to master. Overall, emphasis is on math, EE, core natural sciences, data-intensive CS/statistics, and soft skills (teamwork, management, communication).
Vlad Zavidovych
I like a lot of the answers here already but have a few things to add. 1) You have "Bio" in your title for a reason. Even if you are completely electrical in your interests, you are still doing something directly or indirectly with the human body. Given that, you should really have at least one physiology course in your studies. I am often appalled at how many of my grad students have never taken a single biology or physiology course, but still call themselves "bio" engineers. 2) Shy away from non-thesis Master's degrees. The extra courses you get may be helpful, but you miss out on the research experience gained from writing a thesis, and this will be invaluable in everything you do in the real world. Does not matter what your specialty is; you need to be able to design and run an experiment. If you absolutely must go non-thesis, make sure you take a design of experiments course and a statistics course. 3) Seek out and take courses that deal with the real world, or do a co-op. On my first day out of school with an MS and PhD in Biomedical Engineering (24 years of school by that point), the VP of Clinical & Regulatory said to me, "I need you to run the Design Controls on this project.", and I said, "Design whatsit?" Academic courses give you academic information. They do not prepare you at all for your actual day-to-day job out there. That is why I teach courses on Medical Device Development at the New Jersey Institute of Technology, precisely so this does not happen to our grads. Anyone outside the university can take the courses if they go here: http://medicaldevicecourses.com/2015/03/medical-device-development/ http://medicaldevicecourses.com/2015/03/advanced-medical-device-development/ http://medicaldevicecourses.com/2015/06/clinical-research-for-medical-devices/ http://medicaldevicecourses.com/2015/04/european-medical-device-regulatory-basics/
Josh Simon
Basic engineering courses: Programming Linear Algebra Multivariable Calculus Differential Equations Complex Variables Engineering Physics Statistics Basic biology courses: Biochemistry Cell Biology Physiology Assuming an electrical focus: Medical Imaging Signal Processing Image Processing Electromagnetics Ultrasound MRI Photonics Instrumentation Control Systems Assuming a mechanical focus: Biomaterials Biomechanics Molecular Biomechanics Fluid Mechanics Heat Transfer Transport Phenomena Dynamics and Control Tissue Engineering Nanotechnology Assuming a chemical focus: Absolutely no idea. Sorry. Projects: 1 full year long research project or thesis 2 semesters or 1 year of design project Don't forget to take your humanities electives!
Mayank Patwari
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