What books will be an axe to the frozen sea inside me?

Have you read Roger Zelazny's Nine Princes in Amber? YMMV... I've read and loved about a quarter of your list, and never heard of most of the rest. Also, if you haven't, definitely read other Jonathan Lethem novels. As She Climbed Across the Table is my favourite.

Oh, and since you like Jeeves & Wooster, you might get a kick out of http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=nb_sb_noss?url=search-alias%3Dstripbooks&field-keywords=joe+keenan&x=0&y=0.

You've probably into Eco already going by your list, but The Name of the Rose, or Baudolino? There's a first-rate audiobook of Name of the Rose now out, as a bonus. Seconding hard Jonathan Strange and Mr Norrell; more obscurely, http://www.sfsite.com/05a/lm103.htm, which I found a strange and emotional read- if you're looking for something out of the ordinary it would certainly fit the bill.

I've only read a few on your list, but liked all the ones that I have read. Tobias Wolff's Old School is a beautiful story.

Also, your Kafka reference suggests you might enjoy a number of other Central European writers (some from the modernist era, some more recent): - Robert Musil: his epic is http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0679767878/metafilter-20/ref=nosim/ (published in English in two volumes), though you may want to start with one of his shorter works, e.g., http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0142180009/metafilter-20/ref=nosim/ - Robert Walser: http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0940322218/metafilter-20/ref=nosim/, http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0940322986/metafilter-20/ref=nosim/ - Arthur Schnitzler: http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1566636035/metafilter-20/ref=nosim/ and http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1566635063/metafilter-20/ref=nosim/ are good collections; "Dream Story" became the basis for Kubrik's Eyes Wide Shut - Joseph Roth: http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1585673269/metafilter-20/ref=nosim/ is his major work, but I also like his http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1585674486/metafilter-20/ref=nosim/ and http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/039332379X/metafilter-20/ref=nosim/ - Bruno Schulz: http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0143105140/metafilter-20/ref=nosim/ - Bohumil Hrabal, http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/081121687X/metafilter-20/ref=nosim/ - the gloriously cranky Thomas Bernhard: http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0226043916/metafilter-20/ref=nosim/ and http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1400077567/metafilter-20/ref=nosim/ are good places to start; if you like him then http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1400077613/metafilter-20/ref=nosim/, http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1400077540/metafilter-20/ref=nosim/, etc.

Audrey Niffeneger's Her Fearful Symmetry is different from The Time Traveler's Wife in feel and theme, but I loved it just as much--possibly a little bit more, even. Nthing Old School by Tobias Wolff, which also reminds me to suggest Lev Grossman's The Magicians, which I recently described as "part Old School, part Harry Potter as written by Bret Easton Ellis." But, um, it's better than that might make it sound. Nthing Lud-in-the-Mist as well, which is also a much better book than most descriptions make it sound. And which you may have already read. I think you might like William Styron, especially Set This House on Fire. Anytime someone asks me for a great novel I must recommend Replay by Ken Grimwood, which really should be a famous/classic/more well-known book than it is, and I have never understood why it languishes in obscurity. Similarly, Nicholas Christopher's books Veronica and A Trip to the Stars are beautiful and powerful and somehow aren't more popular than they are.

If you like Borges and you wind up liking Bruno Schulz, as scody aptly recommends, you should definitely-definitely-definitely read Thomas Ligotti. Philosophical horror, but (generally) without pomo cutesiness. Actually, now that I think about it - you should read the new horror anthology Poe's Children and see how the authors strike you. There's some very creative stuff in there. (It also features Ligotti in a rare mode of pomo cutesiness.)

We have ... a lot ... of overlap in taste. Here are a few suggestions. - Steve Miller and Sharon Lee, Agent of Change and all subsequent Clan Korval (not necessarily all Liaden) books - Benjamin Rosenbaum, The Ant-King and Other Stories - Tom Holt, The Walled Orchard (omnibus edition including Goatsong) - Zenna Henderson, Ingathering - Sean Stewart, everything, but especially Mockingbird - Ken Grimwood, Replay - Robert Holdstock, Mythago Wood - Guy Gavriel Kay, Under Heaven - Susan Hill, The Woman in Black - Clarice Lispector, The Hour of the Star - Elizabeth Smart, By Grand Central Station I Sat Down and Wept - Jean Rhys, everything, except her most famous--Wide Sargasso Sea--only if you've read Jane Eyre - John Porcellino, Map of My Heart

This is fantastic so far, thank you! Please keep the recommendations coming! Feedback on books recommended so far: I've read and enjoyed (mostly as a teenager, not recently, which is why I didn't list them): Little, Big Snow Crash & The Diamond Age Lolita & Pale Fire the first few Aubrey/Maturin books (moderately) Hunter S Thompson Foucault's Pendulum (and The Name of the Rose and Baudolino (less so, but still)) Asimov's Foundation Series Perdido Street Station (not as much as The Scar, though) Stanislaw Lem's Memoirs of a Space Traveler Ursula K LeGuin Jonathan Strange and Mr Norell Kurt Vonnegut's Cat's Cradle Louise Erdrich Kelly Link (moderately) Nicola Griffith (again, only moderately) Margaret Atwood Pat Califia Sarah Waters (varies by the book, really) Alison Bechdel Lud-in-the-Mist I've read and disliked: Most of the more recent Stephenson Gatsby Tim Powers (The Anubis Gates) Alasdair Gray The Female Man