Can anyone please explain the Facebook IPO issue in layman's terms?
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Answer:
Facebook (Zuckerberg) went to Morgan Stanley to underwrite the IPO. That emans that Morgan Stanley is responsible for issuing lots of shares in Facebook to the public along with some other responsibilities. Maybe one of Morgan Stanley's responsibilities was to ensure that the IPO was priced correctly. Unlike virtually any other IPO in hostory, FB appealed to lots of very junior investors - many people with almost no stock investing experience. There were lots of people on YA downright angry that they were being cheated because they couldn't buy FB at $38 at the IPO price. The IPO price was very high on the basis of Facebook's earnings. According to the price at which it was offered, to buy Facebook earnings you had to pay $100 for $1 worth of earnings. That is higher than almost all large companies and you would only do that for a company like FB if you thought there was lots of growth in the future. That measn Morgan Stanley was essentially selling the idea that FB was a growth story that justified the very high price. There were many people (like me) who told people that this was ridiculous and you shouldn't buy this stock. Unfortunately, Morgan Stanley was telling people they should. Why people listen to bullish sellers is not known to me, but lots of people do. Sice the IPO two uncomfortable facts have come out: a) Other underwriters felt the price was too high and urged Morgan Stanley to lower it. Morgan Stanley was apparently very imperious about such discussions and nearly ignored them. b) Morgan Stanley revised their earnings estimates downwards during the marketing phase of the IPO but didn't make this very public (no duh...they're sellers). That puts the growth story in serious question. So lots of very unsophisticated buyers bought on the opening day and they have been smacked. They are blaming Morgan Stanley (which is pretty stupid as they should blame themselves). In the end this is going nowhere because places like Citadel hedge fund are stepping in and complaining about how they got cheated. America is just not going to get too sympathetic about the terrible losses endured by Ken Griffen who made $600M in personal income last year...
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Other answers
The Nasdaq stock exchange had some issues with the Facebook IPO. Basically on the first day of trading people were trying to buy and sell the stock, but the Nasdaq was overwhelmed and unable to provide them with instantaneous confirmations. Back in the 19th century this was commonplace, but today everyone expects to know within seconds whether or not their trades went through. For hours people who owned the stock and tried to sell didn't know if it actually sold, and people who wanted to buy didn't know if they had it. It was mas chaos. A lot of people were really mad. To make matters worse, the investment banks had overpriced the offering. This is good for Facebook and the people who owned the company before the IPO, but it's terrible for the investors who bought in during the IPO because they ended up paying waay too high of a price for their shares. Shortly after the company started trading Facebook's shares plummeted. The price was so high that Morgan Stanley (the company that underwrote the offering) was unable to sell off all of the shares that they had purchased from Facebook. Consequently, Morgan Stanley is now sitting on tens of millions in losses as a result of being stuck with the Facebook shares. Ultimately a lot of people got mad and are trying to sue eachother. Most of these lawsuits probably won't be successful - when you invest in IPOs there is always risk.
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