What are the elements of differential association?

Determine whether there is a positive association or negative association between variable X and variable Y.?

• For employees who earn an hourly wage, suppose variable X represents hours worked and variable Y represents dollars earned. Determine whether there is a positive association or negative association between variable X and variable Y. positive association negative association Suppose variable X represents time studying and variable Y represents time not studying. Determine whether there is a positive association or negative association between variable X and variable Y. positive association negative association

• Answer:

  first one is positive; because the workers earn more money the more they work. the second is negative; because the more you study the less you don't study