How to find the equation of the curve? PLEASE HELP, 10 POINTS?
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A curve is such that dy/dx = 3 / (1+2x)^2 and the point (1, 1/2) lies on the curve. Find the equation of the curve, then find the set of values of x for which the gradient of the curve is less than 1/3. Please help me solve this problem, 10 points??
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Answer:
When given such a question, where the dy/dx is given and a point on the curve is given, and asked to find the equation of the curve, you should integrate the dy/dx to get the equation of the curve. dy/dx = 3/(1+2x)^2 Integral of dy/dx = integral of 3/(1+2x)^2 The integral of dy/dx is y. Therefore, y = integral of 3/(1+2x)^2 y = 3 * integral of [(1+2x)^-2) this time the power is minus because we the (1+2x) was the denominator and, therefore, to bring it up, we must make the power on it negative. y = 3 [(1+2x)^-1/(-1 * 2)] + c y = 3 [1/-2(1+2x)] + c y = 3/(-2 - 4x) + c Now, you have everything in the equation except for c, which is the y-intercept. To find that, we put in the values of the point they have given us (1, 1/2) 1/2 = 3/ (-2 - 4*1) + c 1/2 = 3/-6 + c 1/2 = -1/2 + c c = 1/2 + 1/2 c = 1 So, y = 3/(-2 - 4x) + 1 ---------------------------------------… For the second part of the question, you must know that the gradient of the curve at any given point is given by dy/dx. Therefore, to find the values of x for which the gradient is less than 1/3, we must put dy/dx as the gradient which should be less than 1/3: dy/dx < 1/3 3/(1+2x)^2 < 1/3 3 < (1+2x)^2/3 9 < (1+2x)^2 Square root of 9 < 1 + 2x 3 - 1 < 2x x > 2/2 x > 1
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Other answers
First, you must find a family of equations that satisfy the given differential equation. Thankfully, the give equation is purely in terms of x, meaning we can simply integrate it relative to x to obtain a the family. so the integral of 3/(1+2x)^2 dx = -3/(4x+2) +C (use u substitution to solve, u=2x+1) to find C we must plug in the given initial conditions (1,1/2) for x and y respectively, giving 1/2= -3/(4+2) +C solving for C yields +1. this gives you a final equation y=-3/(4x+2) +1. now, to find the domain on which the gradient (dy/dx) is less than 1/3 we need only plug that into the original equation. dy/dx=3/(1+2x)^2 <1/3 and solving for x gives -2>x and 1<x meaning that the domains on which dy/dx is less than 1/3 are (-infinity,-2) and (1, infinity)
Nick
You have 2 questions here: 1.) Given dy/dx and the point (1, 1/2), solve for y(x). 2.) Find all x where dy/dx < 1/3 1.) Integrate and then solve for your integration constant... ∫3/(1+2x)^2 dx = ? u = 1 + 2x du = 2 dx 3/2 * ∫ 1/u^2 du = 3/2 * ∫ u^(-2) du = 3/2 * -1/u + C = -3/2 / (1+2x) +C y(1) = 1/2 = -3/2(1+2(1)) + C 1/2 = -3 / (2 * 3) + C 1/2 = -1/2 + C 1 = C So, y(x) = -3/(2+4x) + 1 2.) Solving inequalities is an algebra skill, the hard part is understanding that a gradient is just the derivative. So, you have the inequality... 1/(1+2x)^2 < 1/3 Find asymptotes... (1+2x)^2 = 1/3 1 + 2x = sqrt(1/3) x = [sqrt(1/3) - 1] / 2 = -0.21132486 try x = -1 and x = 0... dy/dx(-1) = 1/(1-2)^2 = 1/(-1)^2 = 1 > 1/3 (so x less than this point won't work) dy/dx(0) = 1/(1+0)^2 = 1 > 1/3 (so x greater than this point won't work) So, in other words, dy/dx is always greater than 1/3, so there are no x values where the gradient of the curve is less than 1/3.
He_Who_Shall_Not_Be_Named
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