What are herbal alternatives to oestrogen pessaries?

Question on oestrogen and its effects?

• I understand that these are the effects of oestrogen: menorrhagia cervical ectopy breast fullness migraine type headaches fluid retention, weight gain (fluid) tiredness, irritability nausea bloating _____ but what exactly does oestrogen control normally? In pregnant women the level of oestrogen increases to help the foetus develop, but what about its normal effects on women? I understand the above are the effects, but what is it about oestrogen that causes these effects?

• Answer:

  wait a bit, oestrogen is released by the ovaries in response to hypothalamic signals, i.e hypothalamus GnRH neurones tell the anterior pituitary to release FSH and LH, which in turn stimulate the ovarian release of oestradiol, which binds to the oestrogen receptors. From my statement you can conclude many things i fyou are ovservant, firstly, the hypothalamus controls homeostasis, metabolism, satiety, and body clocok rythme. Oestrogen receptors are a subfamily of nuclear receptors, they are stimulated by oestradiol (endogenously) however, many environmental chemicals tend to fit into the oestrogen receptor strucutre due to the binding site being relatively large which allws it to fit more structurally similar compounds and trigger either Oestrogen stimulation or oestrogen inhibition>>> breast cancer due to environmental chemicals imittating oestrogen. 2- it is concerned with many functions, bone mass density regulation stimulation of the anterior pituitary as feedback response> regulate cyclicity of reproductive system (in females that would be regulation their menses), it is also involved in the immune system. Oestrogen deifficiency leads to failure to develope sexually whether primary or secondary charactersistics). Also you wont reach menarche if u have oestrogen deifficiency. from wiki i got this list of functions (ALTHOUGH I DON'T AGREE WITH ALL): Structural promote formation of female secondary sex characteristics decelerate height growth[10] accelerate metabolism (burn fat) reduce muscle mass stimulate endometrial growth increase uterine growth increase vaginal lubrication thicken the vaginal wall maintenance of vessel and skin reduce bone resorption, increase bone formation morphic change (endomorphic -> mesomorphic -> ectomorphic) protein synthesis increase hepatic production of binding proteins coagulation increase circulating level of factors 2, 7, 9, 10, plasminogen decrease antithrombin III increase platelet adhesiveness Lipid increase HDL, triglyceride decrease LDL, fat deposition Fluid balance salt (sodium) and water retention[citation needed] Hormones increase cortisol, SHBG Gastrointestinal tract reduce bowel motility increase cholesterol in bile Melanin increase pheomelanin, reduce eumelanin Cancer support hormone-sensitive breast cancers (see section below) Lung function promotes lung function by supporting alveoli (in rodents but probably in humans).