What game was created by French mathematician Blaise Pascal?

How did Blaise Pascal help the study of probability?

• I have looked everywhere on the Internet and also in my textbook, but nowhere EXPLAINS how Pascal helped the study of Probability. Please explain how Pascal helped the study of probability.

• Answer:

  The mathematical theory of probability has its roots in attempts to analyse games of chance by Gerolamo Cardano in the sixteenth century, and by Pierre de Fermat and Blaise Pascal in the seventeenth century (for example the "problem of points"). Fermat corresponded frequently with Blaise Pascal in 1654. Fermat and Pascal helped lay the fundamental groundwork for the theory of probability. From this brief but productive collaboration on the problem of points, they are now regarded as joint founders of probability theory.