The “su” command allows you to switch your identity to be that of another user. Although the “other user” is usually root, it doesn’t have to be. The name of the command really means “switch user” rather than “superuser”. When you use “su” you will remain as the other user until you switch back. To use the command you have to know the username and password for the user you are switching to.
The “sudo” command gives you temporary privileges for running commands that you normally would not have the right to run. Unlike “su”, you don’t need to know the username and password of another user - just
The “su” command allows you to switch your identity to be that of another user. Although the “other user” is usually root, it doesn’t have to be. The name of the command really means “switch user” rather than “superuser”. When you use “su” you will remain as the other user until you switch back. To use the command you have to know the username and password for the user you are switching to.
The “sudo” command gives you temporary privileges for running commands that you normally would not have the right to run. Unlike “su”, you don’t need to know the username and password of another user - just your own password. You don’t actually become another user - you just get extra privileges for your own account. What happens when you use “sudo” is set up in the “sudoers” file, which of course can only be edited by a privileged user. Secondly, “sudo” has a temporary effect - if you use sudo, then after executing the command you want to run under sudo, a timer will start. While the timer is running, you will keep the enhanced privileges (so you could run privileged commands without using sudo), but when the timer expires, your enhanced privileges will be removed, and if you want to run another privileged command, you will have to use sudo again.
There is no “sudo su” command because it would make no sense. You can run “su” as an ordinary user, but if you don’t know the user name and password of the account you want to switch to it will do nothing. “sudo” will on the other hand give extra privileges (temporarily) to your own user account.
Most car insurance companies are kind of banking on you not noticing that they’re overcharging you. But unlike the olden days where everything was done through an agent, there are now several ways to reduce your insurance bills online. Here are a few ways:
1. Take 2 minutes to compare your rates
Here’s the deal: your current car insurance company is probably charging you more than you should be paying. Don’t waste your time going from one insurance site to another trying to find a better deal.
Instead, use a site like Coverage.com, which lets you compare all of your options in one place.
Most car insurance companies are kind of banking on you not noticing that they’re overcharging you. But unlike the olden days where everything was done through an agent, there are now several ways to reduce your insurance bills online. Here are a few ways:
1. Take 2 minutes to compare your rates
Here’s the deal: your current car insurance company is probably charging you more than you should be paying. Don’t waste your time going from one insurance site to another trying to find a better deal.
Instead, use a site like Coverage.com, which lets you compare all of your options in one place.
Coverage.com is one of the biggest online insurance marketplaces in the U.S., offering quotes from over 175 different carriers. Just answer a few quick questions about yourself and you could find out you’re eligible to save up to $600+ a year - here.
2. Use your driving skills to drop your rate
Not every company will do this, but several of the major brand insurance companies like Progressive, Allstate, and Statefarm offer programs that allow you to use a dash cam, GPS, or mobile app to track your driving habits and reduce your rates. You just have to do it for a month typically and then they’ll drop your rate.
You can find a list of insurance companies that offer this option - here.
3. Fight speeding tickets and traffic infractions
A lot of people don’t realize that hiring a lawyer to fight your traffic violations can keep your record clean. The lawyer fee oftentimes pays for itself because you don’t end up with an increase in your insurance. In some cities, a traffic lawyer might only cost $75 per infraction. I’ve had a few tickets for 20+ over the speed limit that never hit my record. Keep this in mind any time you get pulled over.
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The su command is older than the sudo system. It is integrated directly into the login system, and actually turns the calling user into the superuser for the length of its run. Significantly, it naturally requires the root password, and gives access to root’s directories and files.
The sudo system is designed as a lower-tier version, that opens a managed shell with restrictions applied in config files, as to what is allowed. sudo is also a subscription-based allowance system, so only those users actually granted permissions to do certain things can use it. Also it only takes the user’s password
The su command is older than the sudo system. It is integrated directly into the login system, and actually turns the calling user into the superuser for the length of its run. Significantly, it naturally requires the root password, and gives access to root’s directories and files.
The sudo system is designed as a lower-tier version, that opens a managed shell with restrictions applied in config files, as to what is allowed. sudo is also a subscription-based allowance system, so only those users actually granted permissions to do certain things can use it. Also it only takes the user’s password or a special sudo password for the user, or for the limited task.
The sudo command grants superuser permissions only to those people or groups designated as being granted that permission (which of course is permission to do anything root can do, so yeah), or a lesser set of commands such as admin commands to a server, or read and write permissions to a particular set of directories, or something.
Unfortunately it is so simple to give sudo users root permission that that is usually what is done, but really that is a quick and dirty hack, a blanket OK for a user to do anything — not good. But that is usually what people read on a blog how to do so that is what they do.
It’s OK I know you are not like that. You want to read the entire sudo manual and setup some careful rules, granting only your chosen few a few extra permissions, like to edit the database or the webserver files, right?
If you had very recently used a sudo-like raise in privileges then it may not necessarily ask for your password again.
It’s depend on which distro you use. Can you clarify it in a comment?
Also, I know that Linux Mint 20.2 has an option to apply updates automatically. Maybe it’s what you want.
It’s depend on which distro you use. Can you clarify it in a comment?
Also, I know that Linux Mint 20.2 has an option to apply updates automatically. Maybe it’s what you want.
Like many of you reading this, I’ve been looking for ways to earn money online in addition to my part-time job. But you know how it is – the internet is full of scams and shady-grady stuff, so I spent weeks trying to find something legit. And I finally did!
Freecash surprised me in all the right ways. I’ve earned over $1,000 in one month without ‘living’ on the platform. I was skeptical right up until the moment I cashed out to my PayPal.
What is Freecash all about?
Basically, it’s a platform that pays you for testing apps and games and completing surveys. This helps developers improve their appl
Like many of you reading this, I’ve been looking for ways to earn money online in addition to my part-time job. But you know how it is – the internet is full of scams and shady-grady stuff, so I spent weeks trying to find something legit. And I finally did!
Freecash surprised me in all the right ways. I’ve earned over $1,000 in one month without ‘living’ on the platform. I was skeptical right up until the moment I cashed out to my PayPal.
What is Freecash all about?
Basically, it’s a platform that pays you for testing apps and games and completing surveys. This helps developers improve their applications while you make some money.
- You can earn by downloading apps, testing games, or completing surveys. I love playing games, so that’s where most of my earnings came from (oh, and my favorites were Warpath, Wild Fish, and Domino Dreams).
- There’s a variety of offers (usually, the higher-paying ones take more time).
- Some games can pay up to $1,000 for completing a task, but these typically require more hours to finish.
- On average, you can easily earn $30–50/day.
- You pick your options — you’re free to choose whatever apps, games, and surveys you like.
Of course, it’s not like you can spend 5 minutes a day and become a millionaire. But you can build a stable income in reasonable time, especially if you turn it into a daily habit.
Why did I like Freecash?
- It’s easy. I mean it. You don’t have to do anything complicated. All you need is to follow the task and have some free time to spend on it. For some reason, I especially enjoyed the game Domino Dreams. My initial goal was to complete chapter 10 to get my first $30, but I couldn’t stop playing and ended up completing chapter 15. It was lots of fun and also free money: $400 from that game alone.
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- Fast cashing out. I had my earnings in my PayPal account in less than 1 day. I’m not sure how long it takes for other withdrawal methods (crypto, gift cards, etc.), but it should be fast as well.
- You can earn a lot if you’re consistent. I’ve literally seen users in the Leaderboard making $3,000 in just one month. Of course, to get there, you need time, but making a couple of hundred dollars is really easy and relatively fast for anyone.
Don’t miss these PRO tips to earn more:
I feel like most users don’t know about these additional ways to make more money with Freecash:
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- Choose the highest-paying offers: Check New Offers and Featured Offers to get the best opportunities that pay the most.
Honestly, I still can’t believe I was able to earn this much so easily. And I’ve actually enjoyed the whole process. So, if you’re looking for some truly legit ways to earn money online, Freecash is a very good option.
Personally, I don’t like to use “sudo” or “doas” at all.
Privilege escalation applications are a MASSIVE security risk, and it’s almost always safer to just switch to the root user than to use either of those two commands.
Since you’re asking this question; you probably either don’t have a very complete knowledge of privileges of different users, or you don’t understand the difference between an “administrator” account and the “root” user.
“Administrator” is a fake name Red Hat came up with, which refers to users who are given very high levels of privilege.
Their privileges are not complete — only
Personally, I don’t like to use “sudo” or “doas” at all.
Privilege escalation applications are a MASSIVE security risk, and it’s almost always safer to just switch to the root user than to use either of those two commands.
Since you’re asking this question; you probably either don’t have a very complete knowledge of privileges of different users, or you don’t understand the difference between an “administrator” account and the “root” user.
“Administrator” is a fake name Red Hat came up with, which refers to users who are given very high levels of privilege.
Their privileges are not complete — only extremely permissive. Because of that, they need to use “sudo” or “doas” to elevate themselves when working with the system.
If you’re using a named user, that you created yourself; you are using an “administrator” account, at best.
“Root” is an overseeing hand that’s separate from the user pool, which DOES have complete privileges. When you switch to “root”, the “$” on the command line will change to “#”.
If you are executing commands as root, you have complete freedom to do anything you need to do. There’s no need to escalate yourself, so “sudo” and “doas” will do nothing for you.
A lot of things are built around the idea that you’re expected to use sudo — so they will set ownership or orient themselves based on the “home” folder of the user. If you execute as root, they’ll use the “/root” directory as home, and assign themselves to root. This makes it necessary to shuffle things around and do some work with “chmod”, but it’s really not that big of a deal if you know your basic admin tasks. It’s just a minor annoyance, from poorly designed installers.
Why does Ubuntu not need to restart after completing a software update?
The question should be turned around: why does Windows need a reboot when updating software which is not part of the operating system kernel? The answer goes to the heart of a key difference between Windows and UNIX-like systems, including Linux (all versions, not just Ubuntu), namely the semantics of file operations.
In UNIX the action of deleting a file has no effect on processes that already have the file open. They just keep using it as if nothing happened. That means that a software update can delete files and create ne
Why does Ubuntu not need to restart after completing a software update?
The question should be turned around: why does Windows need a reboot when updating software which is not part of the operating system kernel? The answer goes to the heart of a key difference between Windows and UNIX-like systems, including Linux (all versions, not just Ubuntu), namely the semantics of file operations.
In UNIX the action of deleting a file has no effect on processes that already have the file open. They just keep using it as if nothing happened. That means that a software update can delete files and create new versions without affecting running software, even if the new version has the same name as the old one. The old and new versions will exist in parallel until the old one is no longer needed. The new version of the file will be seen by processes that open it after it has been created, while running processes keep using the old version until they terminate (but note that if they close it and reopen it, they’ll get the new version).
Why does this matter? Because executables and libraries are files, so updating a program or library does not affect a running instance of the old program using old libraries. The old version will hang around until the last running instance terminates, after which the system will remove it automatically. Meanwhile, new instances will use the new version, with new libraries if applicable.
You may well ask if this is stable. In theory one could have a radical change (say in data formats) that implies an incompatibility between the two versions, which could lead to problems. In practice, I’ve never seen this happen, and if I think it could happen I can choose to restart the relevant processes. The point is it’s my choice. On the distro I use (Fedora) the update manager (dnf) helpfully tells me about processes I might want to restart when I’m ready, but it doesn’t force me to do it until I decide it’s convenient.
Windows doesn’t do any of this. That’s why whenever you install something you get a warning about ‘closing running applications’: the installer doesn’t know if it might be tripping over some running app that happens to use the same libraries or files that it wants to change. And frequently its only recourse is to reboot so it can be sure that everything is quiescent before proceeding.
Final point: recent versions of the Gnome desktop have a GUI-style software updater which does reboot the system. But this is Linux, so you don’t have to use it if you don’t want to. I prefer to stick with dnf from the command line, so I know what’s going on. The only time you absolutely have to reboot is when the the kernel itself changes, and even then it’s at your discretion. The new kernel will be installed as files but won’t have any effect until the reboot.
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AI effectiveness depends on relevant, responsible and robust data to prevent costly errors, inefficiencies, and compliance issues. A solid data foundation allows AI models to deliver precise insights and ensures systems comply with regulations and protect brand reputation.
Gartner® finds that "At least 30% of generative AI (GenAI) projects will be abandoned after proof of concept by the end of 2025, due to poor data quality, inadequate risk controls, escalating costs, or unclear business value." High-quality, AI-ready data is the fuel for AI-driven advancements now and in the future.
When you create an account, if you want it to have administrator rights, you need to check this box:-
Your question is a bit vague, if this is not clear, or doesn’t answer your question, please provide more context/details in the comments.
When you create an account, if you want it to have administrator rights, you need to check this box:-
Your question is a bit vague, if this is not clear, or doesn’t answer your question, please provide more context/details in the comments.
If you are using commands those do not need root privileges, do not use SUDO with them. Sudo is meaned for tasks absolutely needed for administrative tasks. For example, apt needs administrator privileges, so sudo is good for it.
- sudo apt update
- sudo apt upgrade
These commands do Ubuntu/debian distro update. Alternatively you can log in as root or use sudo su -command to access root prompt. Then you can leave the sudo away.
Example of a command NOT needing root privileges:
wodim -dao dev=/dev/sr0 fs=32M bigshitpile.iso
This command burns a CD or DVD disc, using 32 M buffer, sector at once mode and p
If you are using commands those do not need root privileges, do not use SUDO with them. Sudo is meaned for tasks absolutely needed for administrative tasks. For example, apt needs administrator privileges, so sudo is good for it.
- sudo apt update
- sudo apt upgrade
These commands do Ubuntu/debian distro update. Alternatively you can log in as root or use sudo su -command to access root prompt. Then you can leave the sudo away.
Example of a command NOT needing root privileges:
wodim -dao dev=/dev/sr0 fs=32M bigshitpile.iso
This command burns a CD or DVD disc, using 32 M buffer, sector at once mode and prepared image of bigshitpile.iso. This does not need root privileges- just disk access privileges are enough.
Here’s the thing: I wish I had known these money secrets sooner. They’ve helped so many people save hundreds, secure their family’s future, and grow their bank accounts—myself included.
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1. Cancel Your Car Insurance
You might not even realize it, but your car insurance company is probably overcharging you. In fact, they’re kind of counting on you not noticing. Luckily,
Here’s the thing: I wish I had known these money secrets sooner. They’ve helped so many people save hundreds, secure their family’s future, and grow their bank accounts—myself included.
And honestly? Putting them to use was way easier than I expected. I bet you can knock out at least three or four of these right now—yes, even from your phone.
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That’s why there is more security, because everything that needs administrative rights it will ask you confirmation.
You can in the console do: sudo su
It gives you the rights of an administrator, but what you need usually dosnt require to be root all the time.
So enjoy the secure way of using the whole time a simple user account, that should be even in the windows world the normal way of using a PC.
To install the sudo package on Ubuntu / Debian, first you have to be logged in as the root user.
Currently logged in as root? Good, then skip to the apt install command below.
Not logged in as root? But you know root’s password? Then to log in as root, run:
- su -
Now update the package manager information, so that it knows what are the latest packages available on remote servers (software repositories).
- apt update
Finally, you can install the sudo package:
- apt install sudo
P.S.: To grant certain users sudo privileges, see this answer:
Thanks for the question. Do you mean “Pseudo Ubuntu”? No, of course you don’t (just a turn-of-phrase joke). However, unlike your question, there are many answers to that question.
The Linux terminal command “sudo” is used when trying to execute a process that requires admin-level authorization. Once done, that admin-level authorization remains in effect until you close the terminal window. One usage example:
internetpc@internet-PC:~$ sudo apt-get update
If you type “sudo ubuntu” in an authorized Ubuntu terminal, here is what you get:
internetpc@internet-PC:~$ sudo ubuntu
sudo: ubuntu: command not f
Thanks for the question. Do you mean “Pseudo Ubuntu”? No, of course you don’t (just a turn-of-phrase joke). However, unlike your question, there are many answers to that question.
The Linux terminal command “sudo” is used when trying to execute a process that requires admin-level authorization. Once done, that admin-level authorization remains in effect until you close the terminal window. One usage example:
internetpc@internet-PC:~$ sudo apt-get update
If you type “sudo ubuntu” in an authorized Ubuntu terminal, here is what you get:
internetpc@internet-PC:~$ sudo ubuntu
sudo: ubuntu: command not found
Happy hacking.
Sudo is a safety switch to keep noobs from formatting the hard drive or running viruses. It limits the abilities to those you should reasonably have at hand. There are some people like Michael McQueen who would rather do everything as #root and that’s their option, but as for the lowly users you’re better off not having that gun out of the holster.
Now, if you want you can $ sudo su and that will make you root until your exit out, but it’s dangerous, so exit out.
Unfortunately, what you’ve done is change the ownership of all the files on your computer to the non-root user. This will cause all sorts of problems. Though you could technically change all the files on the computer to the proper owners, this would be a painstaking process and take a huge amount of time (remember, not all admin files are necessarily owned by root - for security, many processes run under their own system username that isn’t root, and need files appropriately owned to work properly). My advice would be to back up the data that is important to you, and then reinstall the operati
Unfortunately, what you’ve done is change the ownership of all the files on your computer to the non-root user. This will cause all sorts of problems. Though you could technically change all the files on the computer to the proper owners, this would be a painstaking process and take a huge amount of time (remember, not all admin files are necessarily owned by root - for security, many processes run under their own system username that isn’t root, and need files appropriately owned to work properly). My advice would be to back up the data that is important to you, and then reinstall the operating system. Otherwise, you’ll likely be chasing problems for ages.
The good news is that your files themselves should be intact so you can back them up - it would just be a ton of work to change them all back to their proper owners again.
I use Mint and I’m not sure what you mean. If I click on the Update Manager, I get a message that my system is up to date.
Well. While Installing Ubuntu, you will be asked to set up a user account. This default user account is almost a superuser with sudo privileges. You will have to enter password for default account when you run sudo. This is how this OS is designed.
If you want to switch to “root” account. You will have to change the password first for the root user.
> sudo passwd root
Now type “su” to switch to root account.
The default root account actually never reveals its password. This is the case only in Ubuntu . Distributions like CentOS have only one account by default i.e the root account. Also if you wan
Well. While Installing Ubuntu, you will be asked to set up a user account. This default user account is almost a superuser with sudo privileges. You will have to enter password for default account when you run sudo. This is how this OS is designed.
If you want to switch to “root” account. You will have to change the password first for the root user.
> sudo passwd root
Now type “su” to switch to root account.
The default root account actually never reveals its password. This is the case only in Ubuntu . Distributions like CentOS have only one account by default i.e the root account. Also if you want more security, you have to compromise on user friendliness.
The question is “Why does Sudo hang and networkmanager not start (20.04, sudo, Linux)?”
I don’t know. But from my experience of authentication and authorization, and networks, and the )*^(&*%)( NetworkManager, I think that “PAM” (the Programmable Authentication Modules) is configured to use network services for authentication (id/password validation) or authorization (group management), and “sudo” is configured to use something that requires that (perhaps a group name or a mistyped group name), and NetworkManager is screwed up (it didn’t start after all.)
You mention 20.04 - but that isn’t a sud
The question is “Why does Sudo hang and networkmanager not start (20.04, sudo, Linux)?”
I don’t know. But from my experience of authentication and authorization, and networks, and the )*^(&*%)( NetworkManager, I think that “PAM” (the Programmable Authentication Modules) is configured to use network services for authentication (id/password validation) or authorization (group management), and “sudo” is configured to use something that requires that (perhaps a group name or a mistyped group name), and NetworkManager is screwed up (it didn’t start after all.)
You mention 20.04 - but that isn’t a sudo version number, or a NetworkManager version number or a Linux kernel version number. It is a UBUNTU DISTRIBUTION LTS RELEASE VERSION. But you didn’t mention that.
Precision matters.
Check an UBUNTU forum for this kind of thing. Quora is general questions. This is a technically specific question. Google Is Your Friend here.
Anybody with sudo access can update/install/remove software. You need to give the users sudo access. You can do so by running
adduser {username} sudo
Or
usermod -aG {useename} sudo
as root. Depending on what distro you are using, either of these commands may or may not be available on your system.
You can’t do so unless the user is a member of the sudoers group, or the adm group, but the latter isn’t that much help for what you want to do.
What you can do is the following:
Notice that the user has changed from jweintraub@ to test1@. I (as the jweintraub account) can do this for two reasons:
1. I had previously opened a sudo root session as a terminal session
2. jweintraub@ is a member of the /
You can’t do so unless the user is a member of the sudoers group, or the adm group, but the latter isn’t that much help for what you want to do.
What you can do is the following:
Notice that the user has changed from jweintraub@ to test1@. I (as the jweintraub account) can do this for two reasons:
1. I had previously opened a sudo root session as a terminal session
2. jweintraub@ is a member of the /etc/sudoers group.
When I used the “su” command, since “su” stands for ‘switch user’, I literally ‘became’ test1@.
To exit, I did this:
Note that I reverted back to being jweintraub@
If you have trouble doing it the way I did it the first time, then do the following:
But just so you know, non-privileg...
Have you updated the packages? Update manager has a ‘Refresh” button to do that. Personally, I prefer using the terminal with the following commands:
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade
Actually if I run apt upgrade, the update is done automatically before upgrading.
I have added the following to my .bash_aliases file:
alias upd=’sudo apt update’
alias upg=’sudo apt upgrade’
YMMV
The reason for this is simply Security. If you need root access you can use sudo or even su to run any commands you need in terminal. All Linux Distributions are like this and its for good reason.
A2A: Because it is encountering a problem.
You might ask yourself: How does a person expect someone to identify and solve a problem when they provide absolutely no details (like WHAT ERRORS?) whatsoever.
That is an odd question.
If you install an Operating System, you are a system administrator de facto, rather than de jure or ex officio.
If you do not have permission from the computer’s owner, you are committing a cyber crime.
But, since computers lack Artificial Intelligence, they will assume that anyone who is able to install an Operating System, actually is permitted to do so and will lend that person technical superuser privileges without proof of their authority.
There are OSes where the installation software checks if the user has a valid license for that software, but such technical checks
That is an odd question.
If you install an Operating System, you are a system administrator de facto, rather than de jure or ex officio.
If you do not have permission from the computer’s owner, you are committing a cyber crime.
But, since computers lack Artificial Intelligence, they will assume that anyone who is able to install an Operating System, actually is permitted to do so and will lend that person technical superuser privileges without proof of their authority.
There are OSes where the installation software checks if the user has a valid license for that software, but such technical checks do not constitute proof of legality in a court of law.
No. Please don’t do that.
Update/upgrade when it is necessary, not before.
The reasons the old Unix systems like Solaris (RIP) and AIX were 5 9’s available uptime was because we didn’t keep updating and/or patching them until necessary.
Daily or weekly patching in Linux is a bleed over from the flaky years of windows and the still current MS auto-update philosophy, which wouldn’t be necessary if they built the windows packages right in the first place. Unix is stable and once you get a good level reliable OS you leave it alone and let it do its job.
Patching/updates for the sake of it just continu
No. Please don’t do that.
Update/upgrade when it is necessary, not before.
The reasons the old Unix systems like Solaris (RIP) and AIX were 5 9’s available uptime was because we didn’t keep updating and/or patching them until necessary.
Daily or weekly patching in Linux is a bleed over from the flaky years of windows and the still current MS auto-update philosophy, which wouldn’t be necessary if they built the windows packages right in the first place. Unix is stable and once you get a good level reliable OS you leave it alone and let it do its job.
Patching/updates for the sake of it just continually throws unknowns into the pot, and will make you system less stable.
I have a file on a ubuntu server which should only be accessible from one user. There are other users on the server with sudo permissions. I am trying to restrict the access of this file despite another user can just sudo to see/modify the contents.
I've looked into visudo which I've disabled chmod and chown commands. So the user cannot change the file permissions. I've looked into an access control list and from my understanding it's it would be able to be bypassed with sudo.
So my question is, how can I restrict the access to a file by one and only one user. Without having the ability to sudo
I have a file on a ubuntu server which should only be accessible from one user. There are other users on the server with sudo permissions. I am trying to restrict the access of this file despite another user can just sudo to see/modify the contents.
I've looked into visudo which I've disabled chmod and chown commands. So the user cannot change the file permissions. I've looked into an access control list and from my understanding it's it would be able to be bypassed with sudo.
So my question is, how can I restrict the access to a file by one and only one user. Without having the ability to sudo in the bypass the permissions.
Because that is the way Linux security works.
You set an administrative password so that only you can install software. If you don’t need this protection it is easily disabled.
To allow Linux users to install as root, add them to sudoers. You had better have complete trust in that user, though.
Are you connected to the internet? If not, then that command will not work.
Are you sure about the links the ‘apt-get’ command uses to retrieve updated list of tools? There may be a problem there. Maybe there are still links that use HTTP, while lists have moved to a HTTPS url.
As far as I know, ‘apt-get’ is on the list of being put in the sun-set. It will be replaced with ‘apt’. Nice and short, just like all the other Linux distributions out there.
Yes! By using the sudo command, you are essentially giving yourself more privileges when it comes to running commands. This is useful in cases where you need greater access to system resources or want to avoid potential conflicts. However, by not using sudo, you are taking on some of the risk associated with those actions. For example, if your computer crashes while you're running a command withoutsudo permissions, then that command will most likely be lost and may even result in data loss or damage.
Therefore, it's important to weigh the pros and cons of each option before deciding whether or
Yes! By using the sudo command, you are essentially giving yourself more privileges when it comes to running commands. This is useful in cases where you need greater access to system resources or want to avoid potential conflicts. However, by not using sudo, you are taking on some of the risk associated with those actions. For example, if your computer crashes while you're running a command withoutsudo permissions, then that command will most likely be lost and may even result in data loss or damage.
Therefore, it's important to weigh the pros and cons of each option before deciding whether or notto use sudo.
I would not do that. Upgrades should be done when the need arises, not every day.
I have an Ubuntu system working as a server for my whole house. It does DNS service, WEB server, Calibre server (books database), and NFS server (Network file system.
I rarely upgrade it, maybe 3–4 times a year, no more. And I do it mostly for one reason, to get patches that are supposed to fix security holes.
Once ever
I would not do that. Upgrades should be done when the need arises, not every day.
I have an Ubuntu system working as a server for my whole house. It does DNS service, WEB server, Calibre server (books database), and NFS server (Network file system.
I rarely upgrade it, maybe 3–4 times a year, no more. And I do it mostly for one reason, to get patches that are supposed to fix security holes.
Once every three months, before starting the quarterly upgrade, I go through the list of the patches contained in the upgrade. If I see something t...
It would be pointless. You use sudo to run commands as root. As root you can do anything you want without a password. This include doing a su to become another user.
It doesn’t. The super user account isn't even enabled by default unless you explicitly do it.